Onderzoekers hebben 2-dimensionale minerale nanodeeltjes gemaakt om behandeling in het lichaam te geven voor kraakbeenregeneratie
artrose is een degeneratieve ziekte die wereldwijd 630 miljoen mensen treft, wat neerkomt op bijna 15 procent van de gehele bevolking op de vliegtuig. Bij artrose begint het kraakbeen in ons bot af te breken en dit kan het onderliggende bot beschadigen en pijn en stijfheid veroorzaken, vooral in de knie-, heup- en duimgewrichten. De incidentie van deze aandoening neemt toe naarmate we ouder worden. Behandelingen voor artrose omvatten medicijnen, fysiotherapie en ergotherapie die voornamelijk gericht zijn op het verlichten van pijnsymptomen. Om deze aandoening volledig te behandelen, moeten beschadigde gewrichtsweefsels worden gerepareerd. Deze reparatie is ingewikkeld en uitdagend omdat kraakbeenweefsel in het bot moeilijk te regenereren is. Nu de wereldbevolking vergrijst, zijn er onmiddellijk nieuwe effectieve behandelingen voor artrose nodig.
Groeifactoren eiwit
A possible treatment of osteoarthritis involves design and delivery of eiwit therapeutics i.e. eiwitten engineered in laboratory for therapeutic use. Eiwit therapeutics have had a major impact on many diseases in recent decades. One such class of eiwitten is called growth factors which are soluble secreted eiwitten. Our body is capable of self-healing and this process can be enhanced by artificial application of growth factors to improve processes involved in self-healing. However, most of the known growth factors break down rapidly and thus very high dosage is needed to achieve a therapeutic effect. Studies have shown adverse effects of high dosage like inflammation and uncontrolled tissue formation. The application of growth factors is also very limited mainly due to lack of efficient delivery systems or biomaterial carriers. Growth factors along with efficient biomaterial delivery systems are critical in regenerative medicine involving tissue repair and regeneration.
Een nieuwe behandeling voor artrose op basis van nanosilicaten
Researchers at Texas A&M University, USA aimed to develop a novel treatment for cartilage regeneration by designing two-dimensional (2D) mineral nanoparticles which could be used to deliver growth factors. These nanoparticles (or nanosilicates) possess two key characteristics – high surface area and dual charge – which allow easier attachment of growth factors. Nanosilicates show higher binding efficacy to growth factors without affecting the eiwitten 3D conformation or its biological function. They allow longer sustained delivery (more than 30 days) of growth factors to human mesenchymal stem cells which are then used in regeneration of cartilage by inducing enhanced differentiation of stem cells towards cartilage. Enhanced differentiation confirms high activity of the released eiwit and that also at 10-fold lower concentration compared to current therapies which use much higher dose.
Deze studie gepubliceerd in ACS toegepaste materialen en interfaces shows a nanoengineered system – a nanoclay-based platform in which nanosilicates can be used as a delivery vehicle to enable sustained delivery of eiwit therapeutics for treating osteoarthritis. Such a biomaterial-based delivery system could ensure efficient treatment of osteoarthritis by reducing overall costs and minimizing negative side effects. This novel platform of delivery can boost current orthopaedic regeneration strategies and make an impact on regenerative medicine.
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Bron (nen)
Cross LM et al 2019. Sustained and Prolonged Delivery of Eiwit Therapeutics from Two-Dimensional Nanosilicates. ACS Toegepaste Materialen & Interfaces. 11. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b17733
